How does hypochlorous acid function in water treatment?

Hypochlorous acid functions primarily as a disinfectant and a residual in water treatment processes. When chlorine is added to water, it typically forms hypochlorous acid, which is highly effective in killing bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens present in the water. This property makes it an essential component in ensuring the microbial safety of drinking water.

Furthermore, hypochlorous acid serves as a residual disinfectant, meaning that it continues to provide disinfecting efficacy even after the initial treatment. This residual effect is crucial for maintaining water quality throughout the distribution system, as it helps to inhibit regrowth of pathogens and ensure that the water remains safe for consumption by the time it reaches the end user. Thus, its dual role as both a disinfectant and a residual makes hypochlorous acid a key element in water treatment protocols.